Women`s Right and Feminism

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Work done by Daniela Torales, Elias Gonzales, Jennifer Weigel.

Women Rights & Feminism

by Romina Puente, Gabriela Tacconi, & Martina Caveda. 

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Fashion Prototypes

From June 1941

Rationing was on food as well as on clothing. Details of the rationing were announced in newspapers and women magazines. The message was in in simple language for the masses to understand without any misunderstanding.

Limited Coupons to Spend:

This meant that women were forced to wear clothes that they had in their wardrobes. This scheme ended in 1952. Some families were too poor that having the coupons made no difference on them.

During the Second World War Paris produced restrained clothing to match the economic atmosphere. The general wartime scene was one of drabness and uniformity. People were encouraged “to make do and meant”

1945 Post War Functionalism in Sportswear

After 1945 a whole new range of synthetic fibres often best suited in the early days of production to knitted fabrics were made into pullover dresses, underwear.

The fifties saw revolutionary changes in sports clothes much of due to the earlier invention and new use of synthetic fibres particularly nylon combined with practical techniques developed in military clothing for example hood

                                                   pockets in jacket 

                                                   elastic inserted in the side of the sky pants

                                                   anorak

 THOUGHTFUL COLOUR COORDINATION ONLY BECAME A NORM IN TH 60s

Functional Clothes for mass production

Functionalism became strongly associated with sports clothes in the 50s .Consumers noticed how useful the features often were in everyday life. Hooded anoraks and parkas for wet were a big feature. The greater availability of goods in the 50s meant that consumers now made choices.

After the War the new look of 1947

After the war the people became resentful and patient when rationing was not relaxed on clothes.  People were bitter because clothes were being made, but were exported in an effort to rebuild the British textile and wool economy.

Paris continued to produce exotic fashions, but America was developing a look of its own which was mainly found in Claire McCardell’s designs. The American look was simple and classic.

New Times, new Look

Christian Dior’s New Look of 1947 was frowned upon by both the American and British governments and people were discouraged from wearing clothes that “wasted too much fabric”. The advice was ignored particularly by Princess Elizabeth and Princess Margaret who were soon wearing it because it had influenced her own designers. People were craving for newness .

The growth of a Media and Consumer Influence on Society

Hollywood Influence

In the 1940s and 1950s American culture became very dominant in Europe. The influence of movies films and the prominence of films starts set the fashion in manners, make up, hair and clothes. Women, Men, and youth all desired look- alike copies of outfits, accessories and jewelry worn by the most popular screen idols.  One way to achieve the look was to make your own clothes and customize them   to have a similar look.

FOR THE 50s  EASY TO MAKE SWEING PATTERS WERE ALSO PROMOTED

Fashion sewing was very popular during the earlier 60s and was a major subject in secondary modern schools in the UK. Night classes abounded in the 60s were women who attended for about 10 sessions had the rudiments of using a sewing machine and cutting a pattern so they could manage to make a dress.

1960s Talent

For  the first time ever in any fashion era, the younger became the leaders of fashion.  Twiggy . Lesley Lawson née Hornby (born 19 September 1949) known as Twiggy is an English model, actress, and singer. In the early-1960s she became a prominent British teenage model of swinging sixties London with others such as Penelope Tree.

Twiggy was initially known for her androgynous looks, large eyes, long eyelashes, thin build, and short hair.In 1966, she was named “The Face of 1966” by the Daily Express and voted British Woman of the Year.By 1967, Twiggy had modelled in France, Japan, and the U.S., and landed on the covers of Vogue and The Tatler. Her fame had spread worldwide.

Fifties fashion hangs on until 1966

The short skirt was not really worn by many women until 1966 and not nationwide until 1967.

Women´s rights. Women and young people as objects of consumerism.

WOMEN´S RIGHTS

Women's rights are entitlements and freedoms claimed for women and girls of all ages in many societies.

In some places these rights are institutionalized or supported by law, local custom, and behavior, whereas in others they may be ignored or suppressed.

Issues commonly associated with notions of women's rights include, though are not limited to, the right: to bodily integrity and autonomy; to vote (suffrage); to hold public office; to work; to fair wages or equal pay; to own property; to education; to serve in the military or be conscripted; to enter into legal contracts; and to have marital, parental and religious rights.

During the whole 19th century, women had no political rights though there had been some movement in other areas to advance the right of women. In 1839 a law was passed which stated that if a marriage broke down and the parents separated, children less than 7 years old should stay with their mother. In 1857 women could divorce husbands who were cruel to them. In 1870 women were allowed to keep money they had earned. In 1891 women could not be forced to live with husbands unless they wished to. These were very important laws which advanced the rights of women.

The First World War provided the first opportunity for women to take on traditional male jobs so it isn't surprising that in 1918 women over 30 were given the same political rights as men. But this change was not just a result of war - women had been campaigning for decades to be given the right to vote. During the 19^th century the right to vote was gradually extended in many countries and women started to campaign for their right to vote. In 1893 New Zealand became the first country to give women the right to vote on a national level.

 In the U. K., The National Union of Women's Suffrage Societies - the Suffragists - was formed in 1897 and led by Millicent Fawcett. The group was made up of mainly middle-class women and campaigned peacefully. The organization built up supporters in Parliament, but private members' bills to give women the vote all failed.

The Women's Social and Political Union - the Suffragettes - was formed in 1903 and led by Emmeline Pankhurst. Although this group was also middle class, it heckled politicians, held marches; members chained themselves to railings, attacked policemen, broke windows, slashed paintings, set fire to buildings, threw bombs and went on hunger strike when they were sent to prison. One suffragette, Emily Davison, ran out in front of the king's horse during the Derby of 1913 and was killed.

The East London Federation of Suffragettes - formed in 1914 by Sylvia Pankhurst - was made up of working-class women. This group concentrated on social reform, and rejected the violence of the WSPU.

Women were not given the vote before the war. At the end of the war, in 1918, however, the Representation of the People Act gave women over 30 the vote, and in 1928 this was extended to all women over the age of 21.

The arguments for and against women's suffrage

For	Against
Women are equal before God.	A woman's place is in the home; going out into the rough world of politics will change her caring nature.
Women already have the vote in local elections.	Many women do not want the vote, and would not use it if they got it.
Women pay taxes.	Women do not fight in wars.
Some women (eg doctors and mayors) are far better than some men (eg convicts and lunatics) who have the vote.	The vast mass of women is too ignorant of politics to be able to use their vote properly.
Other countries have given women the vote.	If women are given the vote, it will not be the gentle intelligent women who will stand for Parliament, but the violent Suffragettes. Parliament will be ruined.